Lignans from stems and leaves of Cephalotaxus fortunei (Ⅱ) / 中国中药杂志

The present study aimed to explore the chemical constituents from the stems and leaves of Cephalotaxus fortunei. Seven lignans were isolated from the 75% ethanol extract of C. fortunei by various chromatographic methods, including silica gel, ODS column chromatography, and HPLC. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated according to physicochemical properties and spectral data. Compound 1 is a new lignan named cephalignan A. The known compounds were identified as 8-hydroxy-conidendrine(2), isolariciresinol(3), leptolepisol D(4), diarctigenin(5), dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 9'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6), and dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(7). Compounds 2 and 5 were isolated from the Cephalotaxus plant for the first time.

Histone deacetylase 6 promotes skin wound healing by regulating fibroblast migration and differentiation in aged mice / 生理学报

Skin wound healing tends to slow down with aging, which is detrimental to both minor wound recovery in daily life and the recovery after surgery. The aim of current study was to explore the effect of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) on wound healing during aging. Cultured human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and mouse full-thickness skin wound model were used to explore the functional changes of replicative senescent dermal fibroblasts and the effect of aging on skin wound healing. Scratch wound healing assay revealed significantly decreased migration speed of senescent HDFs, and BrdU incorporation assay indicated their considerably retardant proliferation. The protein expression levels of collagen and HDAC6 were significantly decreased in both senescent HDFs and skin tissues from aged mice. HDAC6 activity inhibition with highly selective inhibitor tubastatin A (TsA) or HDAC6 knockdown with siRNA decreased the migration speed of HDFs and considerably suppressed fibroblast differentiation induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), which suggests the involvement of HDAC6 in regulating fundamental physiological activities of dermal fibroblasts. In vivo full-thickness skin wound healing was significantly delayed in young HDAC6 knockout mice when compared with young wild type mice. In addition, the wound healing was significantly slower in aged wild type mice than that in young wild type mice, and became even worse in aged HDAC6 knockout aged mice. Compared to the aged wild type mice, aged HDAC6 knockout mice exhibited delayed angiogenesis, reduced collagen synthesis, and decreased collagen deposition in skin wounds. Together, these results suggest that delayed skin wound healing in aged mice is associated with impaired fibroblast function. Adequate expression and activity of HDAC6 are required for fibroblasts migration and differentiation.

The feasibility of dual-source CT virtual scan replace conventional scan in the peritoneography / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To explore the feasibility of dual-source CT virtual scan replace conventional scan in the CT peritoneography. Methods Prospective enrolled 29 cases who accepted peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment and were highly suspected with PD-related complications. The patients were firstly underwent CT conventional in the fasting state by applied the dual-source CT (single energy pattern), and then 2 L dialysate which mixed with contrast medium was infused into peritoneal cavity, and the CT scan was performed again after 30 min (dual-energy pattern). Scaning data were processed by virtual post-processing software to obtain virtual CT scan imaging. Subjective evaluation (including lesions and image quality score) and objective evaluation (including the CT value, noise and signal to noise ratio) were performed on the conventional scan and virtual scan, and recorded the radiation dose. Wilcoxon test was used to analyse the differences of lesions revealing and image quality score of conventional scan imaging and virtual scan imaging, and paired t test was applied to compare the differences of radiation dose and the other quality objective evaluation index. Results There was no significant difference between conventional CT scan and virtual CT scan in the cyst, calcification, calculus, hematoma and catheterization (P>0.05). The image quality score of conventional CT scan and virtual CT scan was 5.0±0.0 and 4.9±0.4, and there was no significant difference (Z=-1.6,P=0.10). There was no statistically significant difference in CT value of muscle, kidney, subcutaneous fat, urine in bladder and intraperitoneal fluid between the two groups (P>0.05), and the CT value of liver in the virtual CT scan was higher than that in the conventional CT scan (P<0.05), but the value of bone in the virtual CT scan was lower than that in the conventional CT (P<0.05). The noise of conventional CT was significant higher than that of invirtual CT, but the SNR was significant lower than virtual CT scan (P<0.05). The effective radiation dose in the conventional CT scan and virtual CT scan were(9.6±1.4)and(15.9±4.9)mSv, and showed significant difference. Furthermore, the effective radiation dose decreased by 39.6%(6.3/15.9). Conclusion Dual-energy CT scan can replace conventional CT scan in the CT peritoneography, which can guarantee the accuracy of diagnosis and reduce radiation dose.

Early abnormalities of kidneys in patients with primary hypertension by 3.0 T functional magnetic resonance imaging / 生物医学工程学杂志

This study aims to detect early changes of kidney in patients with primary hypertension by 3.0 T functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). 26 patients with primary hypertension (hypertension group) and 33 healthy volunteers (control group) underwent conventional and functional magnetic resonance scans, which included blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MRI, diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We measured renal cortical thickness (CT), parenchymal thickness (PT), and functional values of renal cortex and medulla including R2* value, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value and fractional anisotropy (FA) value in each group, and then calculated the cortical/parenchymal thickness ratio (CPR). Compared with those in the control group, CT and CPR in hypertension group were larger (P < 0.01), cortical and medullar R2* values increased (P < 0.01) whereas medullar FA values decreased (P < 0.05). It could be well concluded that noninvasive 3.0 T functional MRI would have important clinical significance in identifying early abnormalities of kidney in hypertension patients.

A new perylenequinone from a halotolerant fungus, Alternaria sp. M6 / 中国天然药物

AIM@#To study the metabolites of a halotolerant fungus Alternaria sp. M6.@*METHODS@#The metabolites were isolated and purified by various chromatographic techniques. Their structures were determined on the basis of physical properties and spectroscopic data.@*RESULTS@#Nine compounds were isolated and identified as 8β-chloro-3, 6aα, 7β, 9β, 10-pentahydroxy-9, 8, 7, 6a-tetrahydroperylen-4(6aH)-one (1), alterperylenol (2), dihydroalterperylenol (3), adenine (4), adenosine (5), deoxyadenosine (6), guanosine (7), tryptophan (8), and hexadecanoic acid (9).@*CONCLUSION@#Compound 1 is a new perylenequinone.

Statin-associated Neuromuscular Complications (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

@# In recent years,many attentions have been attracted by statin-associated neuromuscular complications.This paper reviewed the incidence,pathogenesis,risk factors,and management of statin-associated neuromuscular complications.

The pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of acipimox sustained-release tablets after a single and multiple oral administration in healthy dogs / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of acipimox sustained-release tablets (SRT) after a single and multiple oral dose in healthy dogs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The plasma concentrations of of SRT and reference capsules with a single and multiple oral doses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The drug concentration-time profiles fitted to a noncompartment model. After a single dose administration of sustained-release tablets and capsules, the pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: AUC were (158 +/- 30) and (147 +/- 37) microg x h x mL(-1); Tmax were (4.3 +/- 0.8) and (2.6 +/- 1.3) h; Cmax were (29 +/- 6) and (42 +/- 10) microg x mL(-1); T(1/2) were (2.3 +/- 0.7) and (1.60 +/- 0.10) h; MRT were (6.0 +/- 0.8) and (3.9 +/- 0.7) h, respectively. The relative bioavailability of the sustained-release tablet was (108 +/- 16) %. After a multiple oral administration of sustained-release tablets and capsules, the pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: AUC were (209 +/- 23) and (195 +/- 26) microg x h x mL(-1); Tmax were (6.3 +/- 0.8) and (3.4 +/- 1.5) h; Cmax were (27 +/- 4) and (36 +/- 5) microg x mL(-1); Cmmin were (2.2 +/- 1.0) and (0.20 +/- 0.20) microg x mL(-1); Cav were (8.7 +/- 1.0) and (8.1 +/- 1.1) micro x mL(-1); FI were (293 +/- 73) % and (448 +/- 91) % , respectively. The relative bioavailability of the sustained-release tablet was (114 +/- 19) %.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results of two one-side test from single dose administration shown that two preparations were bioequivalent. The Cmax of sustained-release tablet was lower than that of capsules, while the Tmax and MRT of sustained-release tablet were higher than that of capsule, which indicating a good retarding effect. The results from multiple dose administration also shown that two preparations were bioequivalent and the DF of sustained-release tablet was significant lower than that of capsule.</p>

Nitric oxide formation contributes to beta-adrenergic dilation of epicardial coronary arteries in response to intravenous administration of dobutamine in dogs / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

To examine the role of nitric oxide in the beta-adrenergic vasodilation of epicardial coronary arteries in dogs, 12 dogs were instrumented for measurement of left anterior descending coronary artery diameter by transthoracic echocardiography before and after dobutamine (5 microg/kg/min IV) with and without intracoronary infusion of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) (1 mg/kg). In all 12 dogs, the diameter of left anterior descending coronary artery increased significantly from 2.35 +/- 0.25 mm to 2.59 +/- 0.24 mm (P<0.001) after dobutamine administration. In 6 of the 12 dogs, the percent change in left anterior descending coronary artery diameter induced by dobutamine decreased significantly from 12.5% +/- 8.6% to -1.5% +/- 5.4% (P<0.05) after the administration of intracoronary L-NMMA (1 mg/kg for 5 min) to block nitric oxide synthesis from L-arginine. The study demonstrated that nitric oxide formation contributes to the beta-adrenergic dilatory response of epicardial coronary arteries to dobutamine in dogs.